extends Node
class_name NetSim

# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
#  NetSim — Network Condition Simulator for ENet Traffic
#
#  Wraps any MultiplayerPeer (ENet, WebSocket, Steam) and injects simulated
#  adverse network conditions:
#    - Packet loss (random % drop on send/receive)
#    - Latency (fixed delay on all packets)
#    - Jitter (variable added delay on each packet)
#    - Packet reordering (swap delivery order within a window)
#    - Packet duplication (random % duplicate on send)
#    - Bandwidth throttling (cap bytes per second)
#    - Burst loss (drop N consecutive packets every M packets)
#
#  Architecture:
#    NetSim sits BETWEEN the game and the real MultiplayerPeer.
#    It wraps the peer object and intercepts put_packet() / get_packet(),
#    applying simulated conditions before forwarding to/from the real peer.
#
#  Usage:
#    var real_peer = ENetMultiplayerPeer.new()
#    real_peer.create_server(7777, 16)
#    var sim = NetSim.new()
#    sim.wrap_peer(real_peer)
#    # configure conditions
#    sim.packet_loss = 0.1       # 10% loss
#    sim.latency_ms = 150        # 150ms round-trip
#    sim.jitter_ms = 30          # ±30ms variable delay
#    get_tree().set_multiplayer(sim.multiplayer_api, "/root/SimMp")
#
#  For test/diagnostic use only — NEVER enable on production servers.
# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

# ─── Configuration ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# All probabilities are 0.0–1.0. All times in milliseconds.

## Probability a packet is silently dropped on send (0.0 = no loss, 1.0 = all lost)
@export var packet_loss: float = 0.0

## Additional fixed one-way latency applied to every packet (ms)
@export var latency_ms: float = 0.0

## Additional random jitter on top of latency (±jitter_ms, ms).
## Actual per-packet delay = latency_ms + randf_range(-jitter_ms, +jitter_ms)
@export var jitter_ms: float = 0.0

## Packet reorder window: number of consecutive packets buffered and shuffled
## before delivery. 0 = no reordering. Higher values = more aggressive reorder.
## (e.g., 3 means shuffle every 3-pack group on the receive side).
@export var reorder_window: int = 0

## Probability a packet is duplicated on send (0.0 = no duplicates, 1.0 = every packet doubled)
@export var duplicate_rate: float = 0.0

## Max outbound bandwidth in bytes/second (0 = unlimited)
@export var bandwidth_limit: int = 0

## Burst loss: drop N consecutive packets every M packets sent.
## Set to 0 to disable burst loss.
@export var burst_loss_count: int = 0
@export var burst_loss_interval: int = 0

## Enable verbose logging of every simulated condition hit
@export var verbose: bool = false

## Seed for deterministic simulation (useful for reproducible tests). -1 = random seed.
@export var seed_value: int = -1

# ─── Constants ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
const CHANNEL_UNRELIABLE: int = 0
const CHANNEL_RELIABLE: int = 1
const CHANNEL_ORDERED: int = 2

# ─── Internal State ───────────────────────────────────────

var _wrapped_peer: MultiplayerPeer = null
var _rng: RandomNumberGenerator

# Queues of {time: float, packet: PackedByteArray, channel: int}
# _outbound_queue: packets from game → network (delayed send)
# _inbound_queue:  packets from network → game (delayed receive)
var _outbound_queue: Array[Dictionary] = []
var _inbound_queue: Array[Dictionary] = []

# Reorder buffer
var _reorder_buffer: Array[Dictionary] = []

# Bandwidth tracking
var _bandwidth_used_this_second: int = 0
var _bandwidth_timer: float = 0.0

# Burst loss tracking
var _packets_sent_since_burst: int = 0
var _burst_dropping: bool = false
var _burst_drop_remaining: int = 0

# Debug stats
var _total_sent: int = 0
var _total_received: int = 0
var _total_lost: int = 0
var _total_duplicated: int = 0
var _total_reordered: int = 0
var _total_delayed: int = 0
var _total_burst_dropped: int = 0
var _total_bandwidth_dropped: int = 0


# ─── Public API ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

func _init() -> void:
	_rng = RandomNumberGenerator.new()
	if seed_value >= 0:
		_rng.seed = seed_value
	else:
		_rng.randomize()


## Wrap an existing MultiplayerPeer to inject simulated conditions.
## The wrapped peer's connection state (multiplayer_api) is replaced
## transparently — all game code interacts with NetSim as it would the real peer.
func wrap_peer(peer: MultiplayerPeer) -> void:
	_wrapped_peer = peer
	print("[NetSim] Wrapped peer: %s" % peer.get_class())

	# Configure a custom MultiplayerAPI that delegates to us
	if not Engine.has_singleton("NetSimDebug"):
		# Just for logging
		pass

	reset_stats()


## Reset all stats counters (keeps configuration intact).
func reset_stats() -> void:
	_total_sent = 0
	_total_received = 0
	_total_lost = 0
	_total_duplicated = 0
	_total_reordered = 0
	_total_delayed = 0
	_total_burst_dropped = 0
	_total_bandwidth_dropped = 0
	_outbound_queue.clear()
	_inbound_queue.clear()
	_reorder_buffer.clear()
	_bandwidth_used_this_second = 0
	_bandwidth_timer = 0.0
	_packets_sent_since_burst = 0
	_burst_dropping = false
	_burst_drop_remaining = 0


## Get debug stats as a formatted string.
func get_stats_string() -> String:
	var lines: PackedStringArray = []
	lines.append("=== NetSim Stats ===")
	lines.append("  Sent:           %d" % _total_sent)
	lines.append("  Received:       %d" % _total_received)
	lines.append("  Lost (loss):    %d" % _total_lost)
	lines.append("  Lost (burst):   %d" % _total_burst_dropped)
	lines.append("  Lost (bw):      %d" % _total_bandwidth_dropped)
	lines.append("  Duplicated:     %d" % _total_duplicated)
	lines.append("  Reordered:      %d" % _total_reordered)
	lines.append("  Delayed:        %d" % _total_delayed)
	
	var effective_loss = 0.0
	var total_accounted = _total_sent + _total_duplicated
	if total_accounted > 0:
		effective_loss = float(_total_lost + _total_burst_dropped + _total_bandwidth_dropped) / float(total_accounted) * 100.0
	lines.append("  Effective loss: %.1f%%" % effective_loss)
	lines.append("  Config: loss=%.1f%% lat=%dms jitter=±%dms reorder=%d dupe=%.1f%% bw=%d/s burst=%d/%d" % [
		packet_loss * 100.0, int(latency_ms), int(jitter_ms),
		reorder_window, duplicate_rate * 100.0, bandwidth_limit,
		burst_loss_count, burst_loss_interval
	])
	return "\n".join(lines)


## Apply a quick-set of common network profiles.
##   "lan"        — 0% loss, 1ms latency, 0 jitter
##   "dsl"        — 0.5% loss, 20ms latency, ±5ms jitter
##   "cellular"   — 2% loss, 60ms latency, ±20ms jitter
##   "satellite"  — 1% loss, 600ms latency, ±50ms jitter
##   "congested"  — 5% loss, 100ms latency, ±40ms jitter, some reordering
##   "warzone"    — 10% loss, 200ms latency, ±60ms jitter, burst loss, reorder
func set_profile(name: String) -> bool:
	match name.to_lower():
		"lan":
			packet_loss = 0.0; latency_ms = 1; jitter_ms = 0
			reorder_window = 0; duplicate_rate = 0.0; bandwidth_limit = 0
			burst_loss_count = 0; burst_loss_interval = 0
			return true
		"dsl":
			packet_loss = 0.005; latency_ms = 20; jitter_ms = 5
			reorder_window = 0; duplicate_rate = 0.0; bandwidth_limit = 0
			burst_loss_count = 0; burst_loss_interval = 0
			return true
		"cellular":
			packet_loss = 0.02; latency_ms = 60; jitter_ms = 20
			reorder_window = 0; duplicate_rate = 0.0; bandwidth_limit = 0
			burst_loss_count = 0; burst_loss_interval = 0
			return true
		"satellite":
			packet_loss = 0.01; latency_ms = 600; jitter_ms = 50
			reorder_window = 0; duplicate_rate = 0.0; bandwidth_limit = 0
			burst_loss_count = 0; burst_loss_interval = 0
			return true
		"congested":
			packet_loss = 0.05; latency_ms = 100; jitter_ms = 40
			reorder_window = 3; duplicate_rate = 0.01; bandwidth_limit = 0
			burst_loss_count = 0; burst_loss_interval = 0
			return true
		"warzone":
			packet_loss = 0.10; latency_ms = 200; jitter_ms = 60
			reorder_window = 4; duplicate_rate = 0.02; bandwidth_limit = 50000
			burst_loss_count = 3; burst_loss_interval = 100
			return true
		_:
			push_error("[NetSim] Unknown profile: '%s'" % name)
			return false


# ─── Per-Frame Processing ─────────────────────────────────

func _process(delta: float) -> void:
	if not _wrapped_peer:
		return
	
	var now = Time.get_ticks_msec()

	# --- Process delayed outbound packets ---
	# Forward expired packets to the real peer
	var to_send: Array[int] = []
	for i in _outbound_queue.size():
		if now >= _outbound_queue[i].time:
			to_send.append(i)
	# Send in reverse index order so removal doesn't shift earlier indices
	for i in to_send.size():
		var idx = to_send[to_send.size() - 1 - i]
		var entry = _outbound_queue[idx]
		_send_to_real_peer(entry.packet, entry.channel)
		_outbound_queue.remove_at(idx)
	
	# --- Process real peer inbound ---
	# Read packets from the real peer and queue them for the game
	# with inbound simulation
	while _wrapped_peer.get_available_packet_count() > 0:
		var packet = _wrapped_peer.get_packet()
		_total_received += 1
		_queue_delayed_inbound(packet, CHANNEL_RELIABLE)  # actual channel unknown
	
	# --- Process delayed inbound packets ---
	# Reorder buffer flush
	_flush_reorder_buffer()
	# Note: delayed inbound packets are consumed by receive_packet() directly
	# from _inbound_queue — no separate delivery step needed


## Must be called from the game's _process (not physics) to keep latency
## timing accurate. Alternative: connect to SceneTree's idle signal.
func process_conditions(delta: float) -> void:
	_process(delta)


# ─── Packet Interception (call from game code) ────────────────────────────
# The game should call these instead of directly calling put_packet/get_packet
# on the multiplayer peer. Alternatively, implement a full MultiplayerPeer
# override — see the companion `net_sim_peer.gd` for the full adapter.

## Simulate sending a packet. Returns true if the packet was queued/dropped.
func send_packet(data: PackedByteArray, channel: int = CHANNEL_UNRELIABLE) -> bool:
	if not _wrapped_peer:
		return false
	
	_total_sent += 1
	
	# ── 1. Burst loss check ──
	if _check_burst_loss():
		_total_burst_dropped += 1
		if verbose:
			print("[NetSim] BURST DROP (packet #%d)" % _total_sent)
		return false  # packet dropped
	
	# ── 2. Random loss ──
	if _rng.randf() < packet_loss:
		_total_lost += 1
		if verbose:
			print("[NetSim] LOST (packet #%d, seq=%d, loss=%.1f%%)" % [_total_sent, _total_sent, packet_loss * 100.0])
		return false  # packet dropped
	
	# ── 3. Bandwidth check ──
	if bandwidth_limit > 0 and _check_bandwidth(data.size()):
		_total_bandwidth_dropped += 1
		if verbose:
			print("[NetSim] BW DROP (packet #%d, %d bytes, limit=%d/s)" % [_total_sent, data.size(), bandwidth_limit])
		return false  # packet dropped
	
	# ── 4. Duplication ──
	if _rng.randf() < duplicate_rate:
		_total_duplicated += 1
		if verbose:
			print("[NetSim] DUPLICATE (packet #%d)" % _total_sent)
		# Send the duplicate (with same delay treatment)
		_queue_delayed_outbound(data, channel)
	
	# ── 5. Queue for latency/jitter ──
	_queue_delayed_outbound(data, channel)
	return true


## Simulate receiving a packet. Returns PackedByteArray or empty if none available.
## First checks the inbound delay queue for expired packets, then falls
## through to the real peer for immediate (non-simulated) delivery.
func receive_packet() -> PackedByteArray:
	if not _wrapped_peer:
		return PackedByteArray()
	
	var now = Time.get_ticks_msec()
	
	# Check delayed inbound queue first (simulated receive)
	if _inbound_queue.size() > 0 and _inbound_queue[0].time <= now:
		var pkt = _inbound_queue[0].packet
		_inbound_queue.remove_at(0)
		return pkt
	
	# Fall through to real peer for immediate delivery
	if _wrapped_peer.get_available_packet_count() > 0:
		return _wrapped_peer.get_packet()
	
	return PackedByteArray()


## Check if any packet is available for receiving.
## Checks delayed inbound queue, then real peer.
func has_packet() -> bool:
	if not _wrapped_peer:
		return false
	
	var now = Time.get_ticks_msec()
	
	# Check delayed inbound queue
	for pkt in _inbound_queue:
		if pkt.time <= now:
			return true
	
	# Check real peer
	if _wrapped_peer.get_available_packet_count() > 0:
		return true
	
	return false


## Get total pending packet count (inbound and outbound).
func get_pending_count() -> int:
	return _inbound_queue.size() + _outbound_queue.size()


## Check if the wrapped peer is properly connected.
func is_peer_connected() -> bool:
	if _wrapped_peer:
		return _wrapped_peer.get_connection_status() == MultiplayerPeer.CONNECTION_CONNECTED
	return false


# ─── Bandwidth tracking ───────────────────────────────────────────────────

func _check_bandwidth(packet_size: int) -> bool:
	var now = Time.get_ticks_msec() / 1000.0
	if now - _bandwidth_timer >= 1.0:
		_bandwidth_timer = now
		_bandwidth_used_this_second = 0
	
	if _bandwidth_used_this_second + packet_size > bandwidth_limit:
		return true  # drop
	
	_bandwidth_used_this_second += packet_size
	return false


# ─── Burst loss ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

func _check_burst_loss() -> bool:
	if burst_loss_count <= 0 or burst_loss_interval <= 0:
		return false
	
	if _burst_dropping:
		_burst_drop_remaining -= 1
		if _burst_drop_remaining <= 0:
			_burst_dropping = false
		return true
	
	_packets_sent_since_burst += 1
	if _packets_sent_since_burst >= burst_loss_interval:
		_packets_sent_since_burst = 0
		_burst_dropping = true
		_burst_drop_remaining = burst_loss_count - 1  # current packet is also dropped
		return true
	
	return false



# ─── Reorder buffer ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
	return a.time < b.time


# ─── Reorder buffer ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────

func _flush_reorder_buffer() -> void:
	if reorder_window <= 0:
		return
	
	if _reorder_buffer.size() >= reorder_window:
		_total_reordered += _reorder_buffer.size()
		_reorder_buffer.shuffle()
		for pkt in _reorder_buffer:
			# Re-inject shuffled packets at front of inbound queue
			_inbound_queue.push_front(pkt)
		_inbound_queue.sort_custom(_sort_by_time)
		_reorder_buffer.clear()


# ─── Direct peer passthrough ──────────────────────────────────────────────

## Forward a packet to the real peer immediately (no simulation).
func _send_to_real_peer(data: PackedByteArray, channel: int) -> void:
	if _wrapped_peer and _wrapped_peer.get_connection_status() == MultiplayerPeer.CONNECTION_CONNECTED:
		_wrapped_peer.put_packet(data)


# ─── Latency queue (outbound) ────────────────────────────

## Queue a packet for delayed delivery to the real network peer.
func _queue_delayed_outbound(data: PackedByteArray, channel: int) -> void:
	var delay_ms = latency_ms
	if jitter_ms > 0.0:
		delay_ms += _rng.randf_range(-jitter_ms, jitter_ms)
	delay_ms = max(0.0, delay_ms)
	
	var deliver_at = Time.get_ticks_msec() + delay_ms
	
	var entry := {
		"time": deliver_at,
		"packet": data,
		"channel": channel,
	}
	
	if delay_ms > 0:
		_total_delayed += 1
	
	_outbound_queue.append(entry)
	_outbound_queue.sort_custom(_sort_by_time)


# ─── Latency queue (inbound) ─────────────────────────────

## Queue a packet for delayed delivery to the game (from the real network).
func _queue_delayed_inbound(data: PackedByteArray, channel: int) -> void:
	var delay_ms = 0.0
	if jitter_ms > 0.0:
		delay_ms = _rng.randf_range(-jitter_ms, jitter_ms)
	delay_ms = max(0.0, delay_ms)
	
	var deliver_at = Time.get_ticks_msec() + delay_ms
	
	var entry := {
		"time": deliver_at,
		"packet": data,
		"channel": channel,
	}
	
	if delay_ms > 0:
		_total_delayed += 1
	
	_inbound_queue.append(entry)
	_inbound_queue.sort_custom(_sort_by_time)


# ─── Utility ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

## Generate a test packet with the given sequence data.
static func make_test_packet(seq: int, data: String = "") -> PackedByteArray:
	var payload = { "seq": seq, "data": data, "time": Time.get_ticks_usec() }
	var json_str = JSON.stringify(payload)
	return json_str.to_utf8_buffer()


## Decode a test packet from the simulator.
static func decode_test_packet(data: PackedByteArray) -> Dictionary:
	var text = data.get_string_from_utf8()
	var json = JSON.new()
	var err = json.parse(text)
	if err == OK and json.data is Dictionary:
		return json.data
	return {}


## Generate a packet loss report as a formatted string.
static func format_test_report(results: Array) -> String:
	var lines: PackedStringArray = []
	var total = results.size()
	var received = 0
	var min_seq = 0
	var max_seq = 0
	var gaps: Array[int] = []
	
	for r in results:
		if r.get("received", false):
			received += 1
	
	var loss_pct = 0.0 if total == 0 else (1.0 - float(received) / float(total)) * 100.0
	lines.append("=== Test Report ===")
	lines.append("  Sent:      %d" % total)
	lines.append("  Received:  %d (%.1f%%)" % [received, 100.0 - loss_pct])
	lines.append("  Lost:      %d" % (total - received))
	lines.append("  Loss rate: %.1f%%" % loss_pct)
	return "\n".join(lines)